本院生技藥研所李秀珠副研究員實驗室在針對娃兒藤生物鹼抗發炎分子機制探討(5)告一段落之際,發現娃兒藤生物鹼及其衍生物具有相當強效之抗冠狀病毒活性。研究發現,娃兒藤生物鹼及相關衍生物不僅有效抑制病毒的複製,更能抑制冠狀病毒所造成之細胞凋亡與病變效應(cytopathic effect)(6,7) ,包括在Vero 76細胞株對人類冠狀病毒SARS CoV之半濃度效應(EC50)可達~5 nM(與美國Utah State University Dr. Dale L. Barnard合作);在ST細胞株對豬的呼吸道冠狀病毒TGEV EC50可達~8 nM;及在DBT細胞株對小鼠肝炎病毒(mouse hepatitis virus, MHV)EC50可達<50nM;以小鼠肝炎病毒感染小鼠,並給藥娃兒藤生物鹼1 mg/kg,可以提升小鼠存活率(與中央研究院基因體研究中心詹家琮博士合作)。這些結果顯示娃兒藤生物鹼對於不同種的冠狀病毒皆能有效地抑制病毒活性。此外,藥物動力學研究顯示,娃兒藤生物鹼口服吸收利用率可達52%至100%,頗具實際治療之潛力。李博士實驗室發展出來的新穎口服娃兒藤生物鹼衍生物,也已於2013及2014年取得美國與台灣的專利。鑑於娃兒藤生物鹼對廣泛冠狀病毒皆具高抑制力,所以娃兒藤藥草及其娃兒藤生物鹼對抗MERS CoV之可能性也很高,但適當與安全劑量甚至給藥方式與劑型都還需審慎研究。
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